breeding strategies for improvement of poultry

When estimating breeding values for the purebred selection candidates, the information on their crossbred half-sibs can be included in the EBV, which results in a higher accuracy of selection [10]. The sire lines are primarily selected for improving the rate of growth, body confirmation, feed conversion ratio, and carcass quality and fertility. Layer breeding companies apply selection criteria to improve over 30 traits important for commercial egg production. 9.1.1.2 Poultry Farm Management Poultry is the class of domesticated fowl (birds) used for food or for their eggs. A number of experimental design e.g., diallel cross analysis, three-way cross analysis, analysis of double-cross hybrids, line x tester analysis, north Carolina designs, recurrent selection, and RRS have been designed to estimate crossbreeding parameters. Check if you have access via personal or institutional login, Review of quantitative trait loci in the chicken, The influence of protein level in diet on cannibalism and quality of plumage of layers, Identification of three single nucleotide polymorphisms in the chicken insulin-like growth factor 1 and 2 genes and their associations with growth and feeding traits, Monthly model for genetic evaluation of laying hens 1. Poultry, in general, have been the most successful farmed species in efficiently producing protein, be it egg laying chickens or meat producing chickens or turkeys. © 2018 The Author(s). The systems are: 1. The two biggest and most competitive SNP chip genotyping platforms are Illumina’s BeadArray based on single-base extension or allele-specific primer extension (http://www.illumina.com) and Affymetrix’s GeneChip based on molecular inversion probe hybridization (www.affymetrix.com). This data will be updated every 24 hours. The lesser the estimate of rpc the higher the superiority of CCPS over PLS and decreases over CS. However, within population, random environmental differences are categorized as micro-environments. ... and improvement of poultry welfare using molecular genetics. Therefore, the cross needs to be evaluated under specific climatic condition before releasing it for commercial exploitation. It is important for all stakeholders in the global poultry community to work together towards continuous improvement of animal health and well-being, as well as food safety and security, which, in turn, benefits the consumers. In future these findings will play a major role in further genetic improvement of layers without any negative effect. The resulting crossbreds, therefore, are expected to have uniformity and are least influenced by environmental factors compared to their parent lines. For quantitative traits the genotype is not able to be observed, it can only be measured through phenotypic value. The selection and breeding program in poultry has been changing as per the knowledge gained and the needs. A … The breeding companies utilized different breeding and selection technologies at different period of time for the genetic improvement of poultry. • To impart under-graduate and post … This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Purebred performance and crossbred performance (rpc) are treated as genetically correlated traits assuming the infinitesimal model [10]. Existence of negative correlations between traits of commercial interest also hurdles MAS. Species Hybridization. Organic farmers having a table egg production has to rely on many of the production factors also used by the conventional egg production. Skeletal traits. Wei and van der Werf [19] compared the CCPS was compared with PLS and CS methods. We recognise that as a primary breeder, we represent only one part of the larger … Presently, the most efficient selection method employs the BLUP as a statistical tool. Monthly model for genetic evaluation of laying hens II. This is especially advantageous in breeding programs for layers where there is no information available on males before they have records on offspring performances [55]. Built by scientists, for scientists. The BLUP animal model that accounts for the family structure of the data by fitting a polygenic effect with pedigree-based relationships, found most suitable [49, 50]. The modern commercial poultry strains sustaining the present day production have been developed by crossing the selected parent lines. Exhaustive literature suggests that including the information recorded on pure as well as crossbreds in selection criterion helps in the improving response to selection in crossbreds [17, 18, 19, 20]. Different breeding strategies are discussed in light of the lessons learnt from previous experiences. Outbreeding 4. outcrossing 5. Genetic Evaluation NTOMBIZAKHE MPOFU,I CHARLES SMITH, and EDWARD B. BURNSIDE Centre for Genetic improvement of Livestock Department of Animal and Poultry Science University of Guelph Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1 ABSTRACT Usage data cannot currently be displayed. The advent of the era of molecular genetics in 1970s provided new opportunities to enhance breeding programs through the use of DNA markers associated with traits of interest. Breeding of sheep and goats will aim at increasing body weight, reproductive efficiency and control of mortality, besides improvement in milk yield in goats. To date our community has made over 100 million downloads. Brief introduction to this section that descibes Open Access especially from an IntechOpen perspective, Want to get in touch? The number of traits is now included in selection program, the modern programs, therefore, rely on breeding value estimation with animal model best linear unbiased predictor (BLUP).

Foucault Care Of The Self, Autocad Architecture 2020, Engineer 2 Salary, Government Digital First Strategy, Heos Account Marantz, Singer Island Beach Cam, Weather Dc Tomorrow, Shell Construction Method,